ABAP/4 stands for "Advanced Business Application Programming (4th Generation Language)". ABAP 4 is a programming language developed by SAP for the interactive development of application programming.The all modules in SAP are developed using the ABAP 4 language. ABAP 4 is a platform independent language. ABAP/4 is a fourth generation language. ABAP 4 is tightly integrated across all the modules viz like SD, MM, HR,FI,PP etc..
All application programs, along with parts of the R/3 Basis system, are written in the ABAP Workbench using ABAP, SAP’s programming language. The individual components of application programs are stored in a special section of the database called the R/3 Repository. The R/3 Repository serves as a central store for all of the development objects in the R/3 System. ABAP Programs are objects of R/3 Repository. You maintain them using ABAP WorkBench Tool- in this case its ABAP Editor(Transaction SE38).
SAP R/3 ARCHITECHTURE
•SAP R/3 applications are written in the ABAP 4 programming language, and run within the application layer of the R/3 System.
•ABAP programs communicate with the database management system of the central relational database (RDBMS), and with the graphical user interface (SAP GUI ) at presentation level.
Database Server: In this layer we have a single system which is responsible for only storing the data is called Database Server.
Application Server: In this we have 'N' no.of systems called as Application Servers, these Application Servers are responsible for executing the business applications.
Presentation Server: In this we have 'N' no.of systems called as Presentation Servers, these Presentation Servers are responsible for presenting the data/output data. Each user will be operating from presentation server.
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